1.getting-started
docker run -d -p 80:80 docker/getting-started
2.Create a Dockerfile. without extension.
FROM node:12-alpine
WORKDIR /app COPY . . RUN yarn install --production CMD ["node", "src/index.js"]3. Build Dockerfile
docker build -t getting-started .
-t: name a tag
4. Start a App Container
docker run -dp 3000:3000 getting-started
-d: detached. run on backgroud
-p: outerport : innerport
5. Remove Old Container
docker ps
docker stop <ContainerID>
docker rm <ContainerID>
Or -------------
docker rm -f <ContainerID>
6. Tag Image Before Push the image to Repository
docker tag image-name userid_of_repository/image-name
7. Push The Image To Repository.
docker push userid_of_repository/image-name
8. Run ubuntu for Running Container
docker run -it ubuntu ls /
-i: interactive
*without -d as running in backgound, after the result of ls, the container is done.
9. Coming into Container, and run bash.
docker exec <container-id> cat /data.txt
10.Create a Container volume
docker volume create db_folder
11.Mount Volume
docker run -dp 3000:3000 -v db_folder:/etc/data getting-started
-v: mount the db_folder to /etc/data folder of container.
Any changed of db_folder will be knowned by host and container.
12.Show Info Of Volume
docker volume inspect db_folder
[ { "CreatedAt": "2020-08-28T02:18:36Z", "Driver": "local", "Labels": {}, "Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/db_folder/_data", "Name": "db_folder", "Options": {}, "Scope": "local" } ]
13. Make a dev-mode Container
docker run -dp 3000:3000 ` #in bash shell use \ for continue next row
-w /app -v "$(pwd):/app"` #in power shell use` for continue next row
node:12-alpine `
sh -c "yarn install && yarn run dev" #use yarn(like npm) to install and run.
14.Show logs of Container
docker logs -f <container_id>
$ nodemon src/index.js [nodemon] 1.19.2 [nodemon] to restart at any time, enter `rs` [nodemon] watching dir(s): *.* [nodemon] starting `node src/index.js` Using sqlite database at /etc/todos/todo.db Listening on port 3000
15.Multi-Container Apps
Caustion: each container should do one thing and do it well.
16. Create the network
docker network create todo-app
17.Start a MySQL container and attach it the network.
docker run -d \ #in bash shell, \ for continue next row.
--network todo-app --network-alias mysql \
-v todo-mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=secret \
-e MYSQL_DATABASE=todos \
mysql:5.7
18. To Confirm the mysql database up and running.
docker exec -it <mysql-container-id> mysql -p
when the password prompt comes up, type in secret. then
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
You should see output that looks like this:
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| todos |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)19. Use nicolaka/netshoot container(which ships a lot of tools), for troubleshooting or debugging networking issues.
docker run -it --network todo-app nicolaka/netshoot
Inside the container, we're going to use the dig command(DNS tool)
dig mysql
And you'll get an output like this...
; <<>> DiG 9.14.1 <<>> mysql
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 32162
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;mysql. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
mysql. 600 IN A 172.23.0.2
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.11#53(127.0.0.11)
;; WHEN: Tue Oct 01 23:47:24 UTC 2019
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 4420. Run the App with MySQL on dev-mode
First there will be some enviroment variables set.
MYSQL_HOST
MYSQL_USER
MYSQL_PASSWORD
MYSQL_DB
docker run -dp 3000:3000 \
-w /app -v "$(pwd):/app" \
--network todo-app \
-e MYSQL_HOST=mysql \
-e MYSQL_USER=root \
-e MYSQL_PASSWORD=secret \
-e MYSQL_DB=todos \
node:12-alpine \
sh -c "yarn install && yarn run dev"
21. Using Docker Compose.--Create A Compose File.
The docker-compose.yml contents:
---------------------------------------------
version: "3.7"
services: app: image: node:12-alpine command: sh -c "yarn install && yarn run dev" ports: - 3000:3000 working_dir: /app volumes: - ./:/app environment: MYSQL_HOST: mysql MYSQL_USER: root MYSQL_PASSWORD: secret MYSQL_DB: todos mysql: image: mysql:5.7 volumes: - todo-mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql environment: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: secret MYSQL_DATABASE: todos volumes: todo-mysql-data:22. Running Application Stack By docker-compose.yml file
docker-compose up -d
-d: run everything in the background
23. Image Building Best Practices
1.Use the docker image history command to see the layers in the getting-started image you created earlier in the tutorial.
You should get output that looks something like this (dates/IDs may be different).
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
a78a40cbf866 18 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["node" "src/index.j… 0B
f1d1808565d6 19 seconds ago /bin/sh -c yarn install --production 85.4MB
a2c054d14948 36 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY dir:5dc710ad87c789593… 198kB
9577ae713121 37 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /app 0B
b95baba1cfdb 13 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["node"] 0B
<missing> 13 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entry… 0B
<missing> 13 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:238737301d473041… 116B
<missing> 13 days ago /bin/sh -c apk add --no-cache --virtual .bui… 5.35MB
<missing> 13 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV YARN_VERSION=1.21.1 0B
<missing> 13 days ago /bin/sh -c addgroup -g 1000 node && addu… 74.3MB
<missing> 13 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV NODE_VERSION=12.14.1 0B
<missing> 13 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/sh"] 0B
<missing> 13 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:e69d441d729412d24… 5.59MB Each of the lines represents a layer in the image. The display here shows the base at the bottom with the newest layer at the top. Using this, you can also quickly see the size of each layer, helping diagnose large images. package.json.Update the Dockerfile to copy in the
package.jsonfirst, install dependencies, and then copy everything else in.FROM node:12-alpine WORKDIR /app COPY package.json yarn.lock ./ RUN yarn install --production COPY . . CMD ["node", "src/index.js"]Create a file named
.dockerignorein the same folder as the Dockerfile with the following contents.node_modules.dockerignorefiles are an easy way to selectively copy only image relevant filesBuild a new image using
docker build
- Separate build-time dependencies from runtime dependencies
- Reduce overall image size by shipping only what your app needs to run
Each instruction creates one layer:
FROMcreates a layer from theubuntu:18.04Docker image.COPYadds files from your Docker client’s current directory.RUNbuilds your application withmake.CMDspecifies what command to run within the container.
- Minimize the number of layers
Only the instructions
RUN,COPY,ADDcreate layers.
Other instructions create temporary intermediate images and do not increase the size of the build.Where possible, use multi-stage builds, and only copy the artifacts you need into the final image. This allows you to include tools and debug information in your intermediate build stages without increasing the size of the final image.
stdindocker build -t myimage:latest -<<EOF
FROM busybox
RUN echo "hello world"
EOF
docker build -t myimage:latest -<<EOF
FROM busybox
RUN echo "hello world"
EOFBUILD FROM A LOCAL BUILD CONTEXT, USING A DOCKERFILE FROM STDIN
docker build [OPTIONS] -f- PATHSort multi-line arguments
Here’s an example from the buildpack-deps image:
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
aufs-tools \
automake \
build-essential \
curl \
dpkg-sig \
libcap-dev \
libsqlite3-dev \
mercurial \
reprepro \
ruby1.9.1 \
ruby1.9.1-dev \
s3cmd=1.1.* \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*Avoid and or copy, using curl from URL. Avoid doing things like:
ADD http://example.com/big.tar.xz /usr/src/things/
RUN tar -xJf /usr/src/things/big.tar.xz -C /usr/src/things
RUN make -C /usr/src/things all
And instead, do something like:
RUN mkdir -p /usr/src/things \
&& curl -SL http://example.com/big.tar.xz \
| tar -xJC /usr/src/things \
&& make -C /usr/src/things all
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